Corrections? Topic. Alba Longa was a region in the area of ancient Italy known as Latium.Although we don't know exactly where it was, since it was destroyed early in Roman history, it was traditionally founded at the foot of the Alban mountain about 12 miles southeast of Rome. [9] During World War II, the Wehrmacht turned it into a radio station, which was captured after an infantry battle by American troops in 1944, and it currently is a controversial telecommunications station surrounded by antennae considered unsightly by the population within view. Such languages as French, Italian, Romanian, Spanish, and Portuguese inherited a large part of the Latin vocabulary and grammar. [28], After the short-lived Roman Republic (18th century), the region's annexation to France by Napoleon Bonaparte in February 1798, Latium became again part of the Papal States in October, 1799. [12], While Rome may have acquired considerable territory (some 350 sq. Latium. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Latium an ancient region of west central Italy, west of the Apennines and south of the River Tiber. Even though erudite scholars have been trying to ascertain the location of the ancient towns of Latium for at least the last four centuries (see Cluvier), and despite the recent progress made by archaeology in the field of the human settlement of ancient Latium, only a few towns of archaic Latium cited by ancient sources have been identified with certainty, whereas a remarkable number of settlements that have been unearthed remain unidentified. Bounded on the north by the Tiber River, the region was centered in the river valley and ringed by hills to the north and south. Archeology and History of the Palatine Hill” presents to a large public the topographical lay-out of the most relevant part of the city (according the Greek and Roman Historians Rome was founded on the Palatine). [18], All these villages were politically sovereign, and each of them was self-governing. So, by virtue of her proximity to the sanctuary of Jupiter, the village of Alba Longa held a position of religious primacy among the Latin villages. The Etruscans, from their home region of Etruria (modern day Tuscany) exerted a strong cultural and political influence on Latium from about the 8th century BC onward. [20] According to Livy, Alba Longa was razed to the ground - spare the temples - by King Tullus of Rome. Glossary. There are twenty regions in Italy. Each community taking part in the ceremony had to contribute to the sacrificial feast. one of the first-level administrative divisions of the state. In approximately 600 bc, when the Etruscans occupied Latium and settled in Rome, the influence of Etruscan civilization and art made itself felt as much in the other Latin towns as in Rome itself. The earliest known Latium was the country of the Latini, a tribe whose recognised center was a large, dormant volcano, Mons Albanus ("the Alban Mount", today's Colli Albani), 20 kilometres (12 mi) to the southeast of Rome, 64 kilometres (40 mi) in circumference. There can be little doubt that Latium meant originally the land of the LATINI, and that in this, as in almost all other cases in ancient history, the name of the people preceded, instead of being derived from, that of the country. [5] It was located on the left bank (east and south) of the River Tiber, extending northward to the River Anio (a left-bank tributary of the Tiber) and southeastward to the Pomptina Palus (Pontine Marshes, now the Pontine Fields) as far south as the Circeian promontory. His daughter Lavinia had been promised to Turnus, king of the Rutuli, but Latinus preferred to offer her to Aeneas; Turnus consequently declared war on Aeneas (at the urging of Hera). Latium has played an important role in history owing to its status as the host of the capital city of Rome, at one time the cultural and political center of the Roman Empire. Rome lay 12 miles inland from the sea on the Tiber River, the border between Latium and Etruria and the Latium plain was ideal for them as well. Huge collection, amazing choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images. [19] However; the sacred grove of Aricia, the Nemus Dianae, on the Lake of Aricia, was always among the most popular place of pilgrimage for the Latins. For the Nissan car model, see, "Latin - Origin and meaning of the name Latin by Online Etymology Dictionary", The World's History: The Mediterranean nations, "LA NASCITA DELLE REGIONI A STATUTO ORDINARIO", "Colli Albani or Alban Hills volcanic complex, Latium, Italy", Monte Val de' Varri – Monte Faito – Monte San Nicola, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Latium&oldid=1006697217, Geographical, historical and cultural regions of Italy, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2011, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 14 February 2021, at 07:58. [21], Very early in its existence, Rome acquired the presidency of the league, and Alba Longa appeared as a rival for which it was destroyed in the mid-7th century BC; the league as it was had been dissolved and the foremost families were compelled to move to Rome: Alba Longa, the mother city, was dissolved into Rome, the daughter. The Latin cities did, however, look to Rome for protection; for Rome had more manpower than any other city in Latium. The region is much larger than its famous capital city, where long before Romulus and Remus were mythically born, the Etruscans and Sabines lived. The city of Rome is located in the Latium Plain along the banks of the Tiber River on the Italian Peninsula, which is just west of the Greek Peninsula. [13] However, as a social unit the gens was replaced by the family which was headed by the paterfamilias - the oldest male who held supreme authority over the family. This magnificent birthplace of fine arts also offers historic residences, elegant 18th century palaces, hidden villas in the centre of the city, small Renaissance homes and sumptuous properties overlooking the lakes. [22] The Latin festival would still be held on the Alban mount, but by Roman magistrates. …of southern Umbria, but in Lazio strong baronial families threatened its power—in Rome itself antipapal and republican sentiment still survived. Situated in the central peninsular section of the country, it has 5,864,321 inhabitants – making it the second most populated region of Italy – and its GDP of more than €197 billion per year means that it has the nation's second largest regional economy. [24] The influence of the Etruscans played an important role, and migrants came from Etruscan towns. Only a few of the individual names of these villages are recorded. However, they were unable to assert political hegemony over the region, which was controlled by small, autonomous city-states in a manner roughly analogous to the state of affairs that prevailed in Ancient Greece. The selection of Jupiter as a state god and the descent of the name Latini to the name of the Latin language are sufficient to identify the Latins as a tribe of Indo-European descent. 1. Because it is so easy to find articles describing the multiple pleasures of Rome, we are going to write about the lesser-known attractions of Latium. The Latin League may not have at all times included all Latin communities, but it never granted the privilege of membership to any that were not Latin. Gallese A city of ancient origins in the area of Viterbo, Gallese is built on a tufa bluff with the sheer walls dropping to the river valley below. [25] This was due to a generous policy of asylum: Roman kindness was unique in its readiness to grant citizenship to outsiders; in fact, citizenship was even granted to former slaves. [24] At the same time archaeologists detect an urban transformation of Rome: Roman huts were being replaced by houses and there was a social space, or forum, that was built by c. 620 BC. In early Roman times Latium was inhabited by the Latins, the Etruscans (N of the Tiber River ), and several Italic tribes. However the long wars against the barbarian Longobards weakened the region, which was seized by the Roman Bishop who already had several properties in those territories. The modern descendant, the Italian Regione of Lazio, also called Latium in Latin, and occasionally in modern English, is somewhat larger still, though less than twice the size of Latium vetus et adiectum, including a large area of ancient Southern Etruria and Sabina. Praeneste, modern Palestrina, ancient city of Latium, located 23 miles east-southeast of Rome on a spur of the Apennines, home of the great temple to Fortuna Primigenia. According to the annalistic tradition, it was a specifically Roman uprising that drove the Etruscans from Rome in 509. [15] It is probable that the extent of the Latin League's jurisdiction was somewhat unsettled and thus fluctuated; yet it remained for its existence not an accidental aggregate of various communities, but the positive expression of the relationship of the Latin stock. The Latin cities were given political statutes that limited or abolished their autonomy. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The Etruscans lived just north of Rome, also in central Italy. After the Gallic invasion (390 bc ), Praeneste fought many battles with Rome; defeated in the Latin War (340–338), it lost part of its territory and became Rome’s ally. BC, Rome conquered all of Latium. Through the Roman conquest, Latin spread throughout the Mediterranean and a large part of Europe. But the ancient Roman writers, with their usual infelicity in all matters of etymology, derived the name of the Latini from a king of the name of Latinus, while they sought for another origin for the name of Latium. Latium Face ID Employers demand trust and transparency. Latium A country in ancient Italy, SE of Rome. Latium definition: an ancient territory in W central Italy , in modern Lazio , on the Tyrrhenian Sea :... | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples The commune covers a metropolitan area with over 3 million inhabitants, making it the largest city of the Italian peninsula. Latium was the ancient homeland of the Latin people living in Rome. The city's history extends nearly 3,150 years, during which time it has been the seat of ancient Rome (the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic, Roman … While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. it was never the capital of a Latin state. In this league Tusculum seemed to exercise the leadership that Rome had held in the Etruscan period. Rome is more than just a city of thousands of years of history. The ancient language of the Latins, the tribespeople who occupied Latium, was the immediate predecessor of the Old Latin language, ancestor of Latin and the Romance languages. [16], The isolated Alban range, that natural stronghold of Latium, which offered to settlers a secure position, would doubtless be first occupied by the newcomers. Originally, Latium was the homeland of the Latin-speaking peoples of Italy, and the name Latium comes from the Latin word for “broad,” perhaps because Latium … Labici too, Gabii, Nomentum in the plain between the Alban and Sabine hills and the Tiber, Rome on the Tiber, Laurentum and Lavinium on the coast, were all more or less ancient centers of Latin colonization, not to speak of many other less famous and in some cases almost forgotten. [28], From the middle of the 16th century, the papacy politically unified Latium with the Papal States, so that these territories became provincial administrations of St. Peter's estate; governors in Viterbo, in Marittima and Campagna, and in Frosinone administered them for the papacy. [23] By the mid-7th century BC, Rome had secured itself as a maritime power and secured its salt supply; the Via Salaria (lit. The name Latium was thus also extended to this area south of Rome (Latium adiectum), up to the city of the ancient Oscan city of Casinum, defined by Strabo as "the last city of the Latins".[7]. [30], On 20 September 1870, the capture of Rome, during the reign of Pope Pius IX, and France's defeat at Sedan, completed Italian unification, and Latium was incorporated into the Kingdom of Italy.[31]. The children of freedmen provided an important source for Roman armies and would have given them a definite edge in manpower over other cities of the time. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. [17], The district-strongholds there later gave rise to the considerable towns of Tibur and Praeneste. In its center is a crater lake, Lacus Albanus (Lago Albano), oval in shape, a few km long and wide.
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